Story originally appeared on DetroitNews.com.
Detroit—
Kevyn Orr had a quick comeback recently when a disgruntled banker
abruptly approached him at a New York City restaurant.
“We’re
going to punish you,” Orr said the man told him, referring to Detroit’s
increasingly hard line on banks and bondholders in its historic
bankruptcy. A Tulsa Bankruptcy Lawyer is watching the case closely.
But
the high-profile Washington, D.C., bankruptcy attorney responded with a
story about life in the city he was tapped to run as emergency manager
one year ago Friday.
Orr, 55, told the banker standing over his
table about a little girl he saw on Seven Mile one evening in November,
waiting for a bus ride home from school that would likely take her to a
blighted neighborhood with broken streetlights.
“None of us would
let our children live that way — and that is the life of the children
in this city,” Orr, a father of two, recalled telling the speechless
banker, whom he declined to identify.
In a wide-ranging
interview this week with The Detroit News, Orr said the conversation
speaks to the enormity of the task before him: fixing the finances of a
city mired in poverty, crime, blight and a dwindling populace that can’t
pay its bills while juggling demands from creditors that they be paid
in full.
But Orr acknowledged for the first time that he
miscalculated the willingness of Detroit’s creditors to take enormous
losses for the good of the city’s future.
“How can you drive
through the city and not see the needs?” Orr asked. “I’m still
surprised. ... I should probably have been a little bit more skeptical
about the ability of the stakeholders to see things the way I see
things. Their prism is different than my prism.”
After 12 months
at the helm during one the most tumultuous periods in Detroit’s 208-year
history, Orr acknowledges he didn’t move fast enough last spring to
tackle city services, such as outsourcing trash pickup to private firms.
Orr
says he spent too much time analyzing the city’s finances — which teams
of consultants had already done for then-Mayor Dave Bing — during the
lead-up to his decision to take the city into bankruptcy in July.
“Looking
back on it, I probably should have accepted what I was reading with
more confidence,” said Orr, who is working for Gov. Rick Snyder under an
appointment that will presumably end in September.
Dealing with opposition
After
a year of living in the Book Cadillac hotel and flying home to see his
family in Maryland on weekends, Orr is poised to deliver major changes
to the way city government works — or doesn’t — for the 700,000 citizens
of Michigan’s largest city.
Orr’s plan to shed billions of
dollars in debt asks U.S. Bankruptcy Judge Steven Rhodes to approve what
was once unthinkable in municipal bankruptcy: Reduce monthly pension
checks to retirees and walk away from hundreds of millions of dollars
owed on general obligation bonds that were used, in part, to mask annual
budget deficits.
“We are going to receive violent opposition to
our plan at a confirmation hearing by the creditor corps,” Orr said of
opposition from bond insurers.
Orr’s proposed cures for city
government — including a $1.5 billion, 10-year reinvestment plan —
remain largely tied up in his bankruptcy reorganization plan that goes
on trial this summer.
James Spiotto, a Chicago bankruptcy
attorney and municipal financial adviser, said Orr made a misstep last
summer by pushing the city’s pension funds and bondholders to accept as
little as 10 cents for every dollar owed before he sought to generate
support for fixing city services.
Orr wants to cut debt to free
up cash to tear down abandoned homes, upgrade archaic city computer
systems and buy trucks and equipment for police, fire and emergency
services. But he should have focused on that before laying out
devastating options for creditors, Spiotto said.
“I think he used
more of a corporate bankruptcy approach than a municipal bankruptcy
approach, where you need to bring buy-in,” Spiotto said. “Generally from
past experiences, you start with a recovery plan and try to get buy-in.
It’s sometimes a far better way than announcing a plan and telling
people, ‘you’re going to get 10 cents on the dollar.’”
Orr admits he wrongly assumed the city’s creditors would be much more willing to reach agreements.
But
he remains optimistic city retirees will accept a $815 million rescue
package of state and private pledges to limit the reductions in future
pensions for some 23,000 retirees and 10,000 current workers.
In
exchange for settling now, police and firefighters would get a 4 percent
cut in their monthly pensions and non-uniform general employees would
get a 26 percent reduction — with no cost-of-living increases for at
least a decade.
The deal on the table for retirees is far better
than the 20 cents on the dollar Orr was offering the city’s pension
funds last June. Orr said that’s a result of political, legal and
judicial pressures the city faced to find a way to avoid a protracted
court battle over pensions.
“We got pressure from a lot of fronts … and we listened to it,” Orr said.
'Public enemy No. 1'
Orr’s
strategy for fast-tracking Detroit’s bankruptcy has faced setbacks in
recent months. He acknowledges he’s a “little bit off schedule,” largely
due to “push back” from the judge. Rhodes has twice rejected early
settlements Orr hatched with two banks.
In a message that
appeared aimed at Orr, Rhodes ruled from the bench Jan. 16 that he would
not “perpetuate hasty and imprudent financial decision-making.”
“It
just seems to me like this has not been a fun exercise for Kevyn Orr,
and Judge Rhodes has not followed what people would have scripted to
have been the playbook for this case,” said David Tawil, a New York
hedge fund manager and former bankruptcy attorney who studied under
Rhodes at the University of Michigan.
The city recently cut a
third deal with UBS AG and Bank of America to settle a troubled pension
debt for $85 million — about $145 million less than Orr originally
agreed to last summer. Rhodes will consider the new deal at an April 3
hearing.
But the latest settlement came after Rhodes encouraged
the city to bring him a lawsuit challenging the legality of the complex
interest rate swaps debt. Orr said he made a legal calculation to settle
the debt and avoid an expensive courtroom battle with the banks, while
freeing up access to $15 million in monthly casino tax revenues that the
banks have a lien on. The tax implications of the municipal bankruptcy
is also being followed closely by a Tulsa Tax Lawyer.
But
Orr’s preference to settle the debt continues to baffle some financial
experts and inflames community activists who say it shows he’s more
friendly with the banks than he publicly portrays.
“What’s hard
to reconcile for a city that doesn’t have any money is that plaintiffs
with good legal cases don’t typically write eight-figure checks to
settle,” said Patrick O’Keefe, a Bloomfield Hills financial consultant.
Jerome
Goldberg, an attorney representing a single city retiree, David Sole,
said “it’s still an outrage” that Orr has declined to confront the banks
in court.
“If you’re really serious about bringing the city back, let’s go after those who hurt the city,” Goldberg said.
But
based on the vitriol being lobbed at him from Wall Street and the
random banker in New York, Orr says “I don’t feel like a friend of the
banks in any fashion.”
“Apparently I guess I’m on the walls of
bathrooms or public enemy No. 1 over there (on Wall Street),” Orr said.
“I’ve developed some callus at this point to criticism. But I’m still a
little frustrated with folks who don’t realize the needs of the city.”
